TENSES

PENGERTIAN, MACAM, RUMUS, DAN CONTOH KALIMAT TENSES DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

•          Pengertian Tenses

Tenses adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja dalam bahasa inggris untuk menunjukkan waktu (sekarang, masa lampau, atau masa depan) terjadinya suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.

•          Macam, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat Tenses

1	Simple present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu fakta, kejadian, kebiasaan, atau kegiatan yang terjadi pada saat ini. Rumus : Positive Subject + Verb 1 (s/es) Subject + to be + Adjective / Noun Negative Subject + auxiliary + Verb 1 Subject + to be + not + Adjective / Noun Interrogative Auxiliary + Subject + Verb / Adjective / Noun?	Examples : Positive He takes English lesson every weekend She is a doctor They are diligent Negative He does not take English lesson every weekend She is not a doctor They are not diligent Interrogative Does he take English lesson every weekend? Is she a doctor? Are they diligent?
2	Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung atau rencana di masa depan. Rumus :   Positive Subject + to be + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + to be + not + Verb-ing   Interrogative To be + Subject + Verb-ing?	Examples : Positive He is reading a book now We are playing badminton now Negative He is not reading book now We are not playing badminton now Interrogative Is he reading book now? Are we playing badminton now?
3	Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sudah terjadi di masa lalu atau masih berlangsung sampai sekarang. Rumus :   Positive Subject + have/has + Verb 3   Negative Subject + have/has + not + Verb 3   Interrogative Have/has + Subject + Verb 3	Examples : Positive I have lived in Jakarta for 4 years She has studied English Negative I have not lived in Jakarta for 4 years She has not studied English Interrogative Have you lived in Jakarta for 4 years Has she studied English?
4	Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sudah selesai di masa lalu. Rumus :   Positive Subject + have/has + been + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + have/has + not + been + Verb-ing   Interrogative Have/has + Subject + been + Verb-ing?	Examples: Positive He has been studying English Negative He has not been studying English Interrogative Has he been studying English?
5	Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau. Rumus :   Positive Subject + Verb 2   Negative Subject + did + not + Verb 1   Interrogative Did + Subject + Verb 1	Examples : Positive She studied English Negative She did not study English Interrogative Did she study English?
6	Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan  kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung tetapi terjadi di masa lampau. Rumus :   Positive Subject + was/were + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + was/were + not + Verb-ing   Interrogative Was/were + Subject + Verb-ing?	Examples : Positive She was studying English Negative She was not studying English Interrogative Was she studying English?
7	Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu peristiwa atau kegiatan telah selesai di masa lampau, sebelum peristiwa atau kegiatan lain terjadi. Rumus :   Positive Subject + had + Verb 3   Negative Subject + had + not + Verb 3   Interrogative Had + Subject + Verb 3?	Examples : Positive They had studied English Negative They had not studied English Interrogative Had they studied English?
8	Past perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau perisitiwa yang telah terjadi dan sedang berlangsung di  masa lalu sampai titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu juga. Rumus :   Positive Subject + had + been + Verb-ing Negative Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing   Interrogative Had + subject + been + Verb-ing	Examples : Positive He had been studying English Negative He had not been studying English Interrogative Had he been studying English?
9	Simple future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa terjadi di masa depan secara spontan atau terencana. Rumus : Positive Subject + will + Verb Subject + to be + going to + Verb   Negative Subject + will not + Verb Subject + to be + not + going to + Verb   Interrogative Will + Subject + Verb? To be + Subject + going to + Verb?	Examples : Positive I will give you money tomorrow I am going to continue my study at college Negative I will not give you money tomorrow I am not going to continue my study at college Interrogative Wiil you give me money tomorrow? Are you going to continue your study at college?
10	Future continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa depan. Rumus :   Positive Subject + will be + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + will + not + be + Verb-ing   Interrogative Will + Subject + be + Verb-ing	Examples : Positive She will be studying English Negative She will not be studying English Interrogative Will she be studying English?
11	Future perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa akan sudah selesai pada satu waktu di masa depan. Rumus :   Positive Subject + will + have + Verb 3   Negative Subject + will + not + have + Verb 3   Interrogative Wiil + Subject + have + Verb 3?	Examples : Positive He will have studied English Negative He will not have studied English Interrogative Will he have studied English?
12	Future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa akan sudah berlangsung selama sekian lama pada waktu tertentu di masa depan. Rumus :   Positive Subject + will + have + been + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + will + not + have + been + Verb-ing   Interrogative Will + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing	Examples : Positive He will have been studying English Negative He will not have been studying English Interrogative Will he have been studying English?
13	Simple past future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa yang akan dilakukan atau membuat janji di masa depan pada saat berada di masa lalu. Rumus :   Positive Subject + would + Verb 1   Negative Subject + would + not + Verb 1   Interrogative Would + Subject + Verb 1	Examples : Positive She would study English Negative She would not study English Interrogative Would she study English?
14	Past future continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang dilakukan di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang. Rumus :   Positive Subject + would + be + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + would + not + be + Verb-ing   Interrogative Would + Subject + be + Verb-ing	Examples : Positive He would be studying English Negative He would not be studying English Interrogative Would he be studying English?
15	Past future perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau perristiwa tidak terjadi di masa lampau. Rumus :   Positive Subject + would + have + Verb 3   Negative Subject + would + not + have + Verb 3   Interrogative Would + subject + have + Verb 3?	Examples : Positive She would have studied English Negative She would not have studied English Interrogative Would she have studied English?
16	Past future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa imajiner sedang berlangsung di waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Rumus :   Positive Subject + would + have + been + Verb-ing   Negative Subject + would + not + have + been + Verb-ing   Interrogative Would + subject + have + been + Verb-ing?	Examples : Positive He would have been studying English Negative He would not have been studying English Interrogative Would he have been studying English?

Notes:

- To be (present and future form : is, am, are; past form : was, were)

- Auxiliary (do,does)

Semoga penjelasan tentang 16 tenses di atas bermanfaat, dan selamat belajar!